Approve - Cluster Based Data Dissemination Protocol In VANET

Abstract

Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) have received considerable attention in recent years, due to its unique characteristics, which are different from Mobile Ad-Hoc NETworks (MANETs), such as rapid topology change, frequent link failure, and high vehicle mobility. The main drawback of VANETs network is the network instability, which yields to reduce the network efficiency. In this article we propose three algorithms: Affinity PROpagation for VEhiclar networks - Cluster-Based Life-Time Routing (APROVE-CBLTR) protocol, Intersection Dynamic VANET Routing (IDVR) protocol, and Control Overhead Reduction Algorithm (CORA). APROVE – CBLTR forms clusters using the Affinity Propagation algorithm in a distributed manner. It presents a new mobility based clustering scheme for VANET. This algorithm takes into account the mobility and stability. Cluster performance was measured in terms of average CH duration, average cluster member duration, the average number of clusters, and the average rate of cluster-head change. Each node transmits messages of responsibility and availability to its neighbors and then takes a decision on the clustering independently. The Cluster Heads (CHs) are selected based on maximum Life-Time (LT) among all vehicles that are located within each cluster. The IDVR protocol aims to increase the route stability and average throughput, and to reduce end-to-end delay in a grid topology. The elected Intersection CH (ICH) receives a Set of Candidate Shortest Routes (SCSR) closed to the desired destination from the Software De?ned Network (SDN). The IDVR protocol selects the optimal route based on its current location, destination location, and the maximum of the minimum average throughput of SCSR. Finally, the CORA algorithm aims to reduce the control overhead messages in the clusters, by developing a new mechanism to calculate the optimal numbers of the control overhead messages between the CMs and the CH. The proposed scheme is validated by real urban scenarios and  Experimental results show that APPROVE-CBLTR outperforms the compared routing protocols with respect to the end-end delay, the packet delivery ratio and the path duration time.