Patna : Business And Urbanisation (1526-1707)

Authors

  • Nayan Dhawal  Masters of Medieval History, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Centre for Historical Studies, School of Social Sciences, New Delhi, India

Keywords:

ANN, Data Analytics, Machine Learning Algorithms, Technique, Prediction, Model

Abstract

Patna an urbanised city in medieval times gain much prominence. It was held as a centre of administrative and power control to the eastern empires for a long period. The origin of this city can be traced during the first cycle of urbanisation and aftermath, the city passes through many semesters of ups and down, by which I mean rise and fall. Patna city had a unique geographical location, having surrounded by the three different rivers (Son, Ganges and Ghandak) in three corners of the city. As well as in the south, it has rich alluvial deposit which makes this city’s juncture of agricultural surplus and artisanal advancement. On beauty front, ‘The city is more beautiful than the face of the beloved; the inhabitants of the city are more charming than the city……’ . Almost the city has all the essentialities to support a holistic urbanisation. The satellite city distributed in the region also produced the surplus for the development of this city, and which make the resonance for making this riverine port as the trading junction of inland and internationaltrade in the region. The business and trade had enriched this city from time to time. We have reference in various sources about this riverine port and their commercial activities which had major impact and flavours among the Europeans. Thus, it might be concluded with the underlined fact, that this city was the manufacturing and commercial hub of east and it cannot be ignored while talking about the economics of eastern empires during the Mughals.

References

  1. Mirja Muhammad Sadiq, The Comprehensive History of Bihar, Patna, 1987, vol ii, pp-533
  2. Folk Tales of Bihar, Origin of Bihar, Delhi Archives
  3. Upindersingh, ‘A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th century', Pearson Longman Publications, New Delhi, 2009, pp-144
  4. Ibid pp-178
  5. Buddhist account confirms this fact.
  6. Megathenese in his book ‘Indica' mentioned about the detailed description of municipal administration of the Patna city. He while a visitor of the city, confirms that there is no thieve in Patna and the administration, control of power is very good, and people are happy. Along with that, the account of Kautilya's ‘Arthashastra' also talked about the municipal administration and about the city.
  7. Sher shah's information is bulletined in Tarikh-e-shershahi by Abbas khan Sarwani, the conquest of Bihar Subha was detailed in it. Along with the references of works and measures adopted by Sher Shah.
  8. Abul Fazal, Ain-i-Akbari, ed. H. Blochmann, vol. I, Calcutta, 1872; trans., H. S. Jarret, vol. II, Calcutta, 1891, connoted and ed., J. N. Sarkar, reprint, Delhi 1989.pp-164
  9. Bernier, Travels in the Mughal Empire,(1656-68) trans.by V. A. Smith, London, 1916.pp-456-8
  10. PeterMundy, Travels in Asia, 1630-34, ed., R. C. Temple, Hakluyt society, vol ii, London, 1914.pp-168
  11. Abul Fazal, Ain-i-Akbari, ed. H. Blochmann, vol. I, Calcutta, 1872; trans., H. S. Jarret, vol. II, Calcutta, 1891, connoted and ed., J. N. Sarkar, reprint, Delhi 1989.pp-165
  12. Bernier, Travels in the Mughal Empire,(1656-68) trans.by V. A. Smith, London, 1916.pp-456-8
  13. Pp-146
  14. Ibid pp-36-7
  15. Yogesh SharmaandMalekandathil, (ed.),CitiesinMedievalIndia,New Delhi,2014. Pp-194
  16. Ibid pp-183
  17. Surendra Nath Sen, ed. Indian travels of Thevenot and Carrie pp-247
  18. Yogesh Sharma and Malekandathil, (ed.),Cities in Medieval India, New Delhi,2014. Pp-185
  19. Yogesh Sharma and Malekandathil, (ed.),Cities in Medieval India, New Delhi,2014. Pp-185
  20. E Laurd,tr. And ed. Travels of F. Sebastian Manrique,vol II, London: Hakluyt Society,1927.pp-146
  21. Ahmed and Hasan Askari, The Comprehensive History of Bihar, vol II, pp-326
  22. Yogesh Sharma and Malekandathil, (ed.),Cities in Medieval India, New Delhi,2014. Pp-189
  23. Ibid pp-190
  24. Abul Fazal, Ain-i-Akbari, ed. H. Blochmann, vol. I, Calcutta, 1872; trans., H. S. Jarret, vol. II, Calcutta, 1891, connoted and ed., J. N. Sarkar, reprint, Delhi 1989 pp-164
  25. Ibid pp-151
  26. Peter Mundy, Travels in Asia, 1630-34, ed., R. C. Temple, Hakluyt society, vol ii, London, 1914.pp-156
  27. Yogesh Sharma and Malekandathil, (ed.),Cities in Medieval India, New Delhi,2014. Pp-189
  28. Manucci, Storio de Mongor, tr. And ed. William Irvine, vol II, p-246
  29. Yogesh Sharma and Malekandathil, (ed.),Cities in Medieval India, New Delhi,2014. Pp-193
  30. Yogesh Sharma and Malekandathil, (ed.),Cities in Medieval India, New Delhi,2014. Pp-193
  31. Tavernier, Jean- Baptiste, Travels in India, (1640-67), trans., V. Ball, London, 1889.pp-24
  32. Opcit pp-194
  33. Yogesh Sharma and Malekandathil, (ed.),Cities in Medieval India, New Delhi,2014. Pp-194
  34. Tripathi, Business Communities of India; a Historical Prespective, New Delhi, 1984 pp-45-72
  35. Foster, ed,Early Travels in India, 1583-1619,1985,New Delhi, Oriental Books, pp-18
  36. Yogesh Sharma and Malekandathil, (ed.),Cities in Medieval India, New Delhi,2014. Pp-198
  37. Chaudhari,K.N.,“Some Reflections on the Town and Country in MughalIndia”,ModernAsianStudies,vol.12, no.1, pp-21
  38. Yogesh Sharma and Malekandathil, (ed.),Cities in Medieval India, New Delhi,2014. Pp-02
  39. Ibid pp-03
  40. Yogesh Sharma and Malekandathil, (ed.),Cities in Medieval India, New Delhi,2014. Pp- 12
  41. Irfan Habib, Medieval India: The Story of Civilizations, New Delhi, pp-42-56
  42. Yogesh Sharma and Malekandathil, (ed.),Cities in Medieval India, New Delhi,2014. Pp-182
  43. Abul Fazal, Ain-i-Akbari, ed. H. Blochmann, vol. I, Calcutta, 1872; trans., H. S. Jarret, vol. II, Calcutta, 1891, connoted and ed., J. N. Sarkar, reprint, Delhi 1989 pp-163

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology

Downloads

Published

2019-06-30

Issue

Volume 6, Issue 3, May-June-2019

Section

Research Articles

License

Copyright (c) IJSRSET

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

[1]
Nayan Dhawal "Patna : Business And Urbanisation (1526-1707)" International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (IJSRSET), Print ISSN : 2395-1990, Online ISSN : 2394-4099, Volume 6, Issue 3, pp.207-222, May-June-2019.