A Survey of Various Password Authentication Schemes

Abstract

Textual passwords generally are used for authentication. Graphical password is introduced opposite method to textual passwords. Most users are aware with textual password than pure graphical password. Shoulder-surfing is a known hazard where an attacker can seizure a password by direct show or by listening the verification session. Text can be combined with alphabet, digit, images or colors to generate session passwords for authentication. In early days Textual passwords are used for security of session but these passwords are vulnerable to the various attacks like Dictionary attack, Shoulder surfing, eves dropping, etc. Further graphical passwords and bio-metric password methods are created for authentication. These two methods are good to carry out but they have their own disadvantages. Such as it requires additional period for login and more expensive respectively. Session password strategy in which the passwords are used only once for each and when session is terminated the password is no longer in use. The session password scheme uses Pair Based Authentication scheme for generating session password. The paper discusses various approaches of passwords authentication schemes.