Characterization of Kenaf Fiber Reinforced Composite with and Without Alkali Treatment

Abstract

In this study, we investigate the potential of natural fiber-reinforced composites (NFRC) as a sustainable alternative to synthetic fiber composites, leveraging their inherent benefits such as low density, high specific strength, recyclability, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness. Our focus centers on utilizing kenaf plant bast fibers as the primary reinforcement, combined with epoxy resin, while maintaining a consistent weight ratio. The key objectives include fabricating and evaluating the mechanical properties of these composites, with a specific emphasis on the impact of fiber and alkali treatment and fiber orientations. Employing the hand layup technique and adhering to ASTM standards, our results demonstrate significant improvements in mechanical properties, with alkali treatment enhancing performance by approximately 12%. Additionally, a combined fiber orientation strategy leads to substantial advancements, increasing flexural and impact strength by 17% and 8%, respectively, while unidirectional fiber orientation proves optimal for maximizing tensile strength. This research highlights the potential applications of kenaf plant bast fiber-reinforced composites across various industries and offers valuable insights for further development and utilization of these sustainable and cost-effective materials.